TELEVISION AND ADOLESENT: INFLUENCE OF CABLE TELEVISION (DSTV) ON ADOLESENT CREATIVITY, ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND SOCIALIZATION
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TELEVISION AND ADOLESENT: INFLUENCE OF CABLE TELEVISION
(DSTV) ON ADOLESENT CREATIVITY, ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND SOCIALIZATION
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF
STUDY
The word “Adolescence” comes from the Latin word adolescere
meaning “to grow into maturity”. It ranges between childhood and adulthood, it
covers the period from age 12 till the early 20.
According to Unachukwu and Ebenebe (2007) stated that the
common denominator in all adolescent experiences irrespective of cultural
variations is the biological changes from childhood into mature adults’ status
capable of reproduction.
It is also a time of enormous physiological changes;
adolescence is also marked by changes in behaviour and expectations. It is
regarded as a prelude to and preparation for adulthood, a transitional period
of life between immaturity and maturity as well as having to deal with the
question “who am I”. The adolescent must also deal with the question “who will
I be” (Gross and Mc Illveen, 1998). This is ongoing in Nigeria today; there
have been significant changes in the lives of most adolescents in Nigeria. Some
of these changes are as a result of the friends, peer group, and media
especially cable television (DSTV).
Cable television (DSTV) plays a role in the development of a
child from the period of adolescent to adult; the noticeable effect of cable
television (DSTV) can be reflected in the academic performance, the level of
socialization and creativity among adolescents in Nigeria (Maduewesi, E. J.
(2005).
The most pronounced effect is seen on the level of academic
performance and socialization among adolescent in Nigeria. The spread of DSTV
television channel and other television channels have exposed children to foreign
programs. This has made the world a global village where what is watched on
television in the developed countries is equally watched in developing
countries hence the proliferation of negative effects like poor pre-school
performance, aggressive behavior, and English, Mother tongue languages
impediment among others (Zevenbergen, 2007).
The parents or guidance can help curb the negative effect of
cable television (DSTV) on adolescents in Nigeria by exposing them to right and
wrong at the early stage of development; this by default will shape the mindset
of children from the early stage of development to adult stage. The study in
this regard wishes to examine the influence of cable television (DSTV) on
adolescent creativity, academic performance and socialization using Grange
schools GRA, Ikeja as the case study.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The cable television (DSTV) is considered the most
entertaining among other forms of media; but inasmuch as creating an avenue for relaxation purposes,
there are some disadvantages attached to it; some of these disadvantages in
seen in the level of adolescent creativity, the academic performance and the
level of socialization among adolescent in Nigeria. Some of the cable
television (DSTV) channels are educative while some are violent but most
adolescents are easily influenced by the violent channels of cable television
(DSTV), this therefore lead to behavioural changes both at home and in their
learning environment; the effect of the violent cable television (DSTV) channels
give rise to truancy, deviant behavior exhibited by most students in junior and
secondary schools. But if children are properly guided by parents and guidance
the effect will be controllable.
According to
Austin (1992) points out that; Television watching can have positive effects on
pre-school children if well guided by parents and guardians. Television
watching as a learning process can promote general learning as well as
pre-school children’s academic performance either negatively or positively
(Nganda, 2007).
1.3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
The main aim of the research work is to examine the influence
of cable television (DSTV) on adolescent creativity, academic performance and
socialization. Other specific objectives of the study include:
1. To determine the
relationship between cable television (DSTV) and the academic performance of
students in Grange schools GRA, Ikehja
2. To determine the
effect cable television on morality level and socialization among students in
Grange schools GRA, Ikeja
3. To examine the
effect of educational programs on cable television on adolescent creativity
4. To determine ways
of improving socialization among adolescents using educational programs from
cable television (DSTV)
5. To determine the roles
of parents, teachers and guidance in the restriction of adolescents to violent
movies or programs shown on the cable television (DSTV)
6. To determine the
effect cable television (DSTV) on the level of truancy among adolescents
7. To proffer solution
to the above stated problems
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The study came up with research questions so as to be able to
ascertain the above stated objectives of the study. The research questions for
the study are stated below as follows:
1. What is the
relationship between cable television (DSTV) and the academic performance of
students in Grange schools GRA, Ikehja?
2. What is the effect
cable television on morality level and socialization among students in Grange
schools GRA, Ikeja?
3. What is the effect
of educational programs on cable television on adolescent creativity?
4. What are the ways
of improving socialization among adolescents using educational programs from
cable television (DSTV)?
5. What are the roles
of parents, teachers and guidance in the restriction of adolescents to violent
movies or programs shown on the cable television (DSTV)?
6. What is the effect
cable television (DSTV) on the level of truancy among adolescents?
1.5 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis 1
H0: cable television (DSTV) has no significant effect on
adolescent creativity
H1: cable television (DSTV) has significant effect on
adolescent creativity
Hypothesis 2
H0: cable television (DSTV) does not influence the level of
socialization among adolescents
H1: cable television (DSTV) influences the level of
socialization among adolescents
Hypothesis 3
H0: the impact of cable television (DSTV) on the academic
performance of students is low
H1: the impact of cable television (DSTV) on the academic
performance of students is high
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
The findings from the study onthe influence of cable
television (DSTV) on adolescent creativity, academic performance and
socialization will be of immense benefit to the following:
The society: to the society, the findings from the study will
educate the society on the benefit of socialization and well being of
adolescents.
Grange schools: the findings study will lead students to
educational programs on cable television (DSTV) as this will help improve the
academic performance of students in Grange schools
Adolescents: the findings from the study will educate the
adolescent on how to improve themselves to become relevant to the society
The government: the findings from the study will help the
federal government of Nigeria in seminar preparations for secondary schools
students, to monitor truancy and deviant behavior among secondary school
students
Researchers: the study will be of immense benefit to other
research students that wishes to carry out similar research on the above
project work
Literature: the study will contribute to the body of the existing
literature onthe influence of cable television (DSTV) on adolescent creativity,
academic performance and socialization
1.7 SCOPE OF STUDY
The study onthe influence of cable television (DSTV) on
adolescent creativity, academic performance and socialization is limited to
Grange schools. The study will cover the impact of cable television (DSTV) on
the academic performance of students, the roles of parents, teachers and
guidance in the restriction of adolescents to violent movies or programs shown
on the cable television (DSTV) and also the relationship between cable
television (DSTV) and the academic performance of students in Grange schools
GRA, Ikehja.
1.8 LIMITATION OF STUDY
Financial constraint- Insufficient fund tends to impede the
efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature
or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire
and interview).
Time constraint- The researcher will simultaneously engage in
this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the
time devoted for the research work.
1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS
ADOLESCENT: the process of developing from a child into an
adult.
SOCIALIZATION: the activity of mixing socially with others.
CREATIVITY: the use of imagination or original ideas to
create something; inventiveness.
TRUANCY: the action of staying away from school without good
reason; absenteeism.
DEVIANT: departing from usual or accepted standards,
especially in social or sexual behaviour.
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